Rule 13 Order VI of Code of Civil Procedure 1908 "Presumptions of law"
Neither party need in any pleading allege any matter of fact which the law presumes in his favour or as to which the burden of proof lies upon the other side unless the same has first been specifically denied (e.g., consideration for a bill of exchange where the plaintiff sues only on the bill and not for the consideration as a substantive ground of claim
Rule 14 Order VI of Code of Civil Procedure 1908 "Pleading to be signed"
Every pleading shall be signed by the party and his
pleader (if any) :
Provided that where a party pleading is, by reason of
absence or for other good cause, unable to sign the
pleading, it may be signed by any person duly authorized by
him to sign the same or to sue or defend on his behalf.
Rule 14A Order VI of Code of Civil Procedure 1908 "Address for service of notice"
(1) Every pleading, when filed by a party, shall be
accompanied by a statement in the prescribed form, signed as
provided in rule 14, regarding the address of the party.
(2) Such address may, from time to time, be changed by
lodging in Court a form duly filled up and stating the new
address of the party and accompanied by a verified petition.
(3) The address furnished in the statement made under
sub-rule (1) shall be called the "registered address" of the
party, and shall, until duly changed as aforesaid, be deemed
to be the address of the party for the purpose of service of
all processes in the suit or in any appeal from any decree
or order therein made and for the purpose of execution, and
shall hold good, subject as aforesaid, for a period of two
years after the final determination of the cause or matter.
(4) Service of any process may be effected upon a party at
his registered address in all respects as though such party
resided thereat.
(5) Where the registered address of a party is discovered by
the Court to be incomplete, false or fictitious, the Court
may, either on its own motion, or on the application of any
party, order -
(a) in the case where such registered address was furnished
by a plaintiff, stay of the suit, or
(b) in the case where such registered address was furnished
by a defendant, his defence be struck out and he be placed
in the same position as if he had not put up any defence.
(6) Where a suit is stayed or a defence is struck out under
sub-rule (5), the plaintiff or, as the case may be, the
defendant may, after furnishing his true address, apply to
the Court for an order to set aside the order of stay or, as
the case may be, the order striking out the defence.
(7) The Court, if satisfied that the party was prevented by
any sufficient cause from filing the true address at the
proper time, shall set aside the order of stay or order
striking out the defence, on such terms as to costs or
otherwise as it thinks fit and shall appoint a day for
proceeding with the suit or defence, as the case may be.
(8) Nothing in this rule shall prevent the Court from
directing the service of a process at any other address, if,
for any reason, it thinks fit to do so.
Rule 15 Order VI of Code of Civil Procedure 1908 "Verification
of pleadings"
(1) Save as otherwise provided by any law for the time being
in force, every pleading shall be varied at the foot by the
party or by one of the parties pleading or by some other
person proved to the satisfaction of the Court to be
acquainted with the facts of the case.
(2) The person verifying shall specify, by reference to the
numbered paragraphs of the pleading, what he verifies of his
own knowledge and what he verifies upon information received
and believed to be true.
(3) The verification shall be signed by the person making it
and shall state the date on which and the place at which it
was signed.
*Rule 15A. Verification of pleadings in a commercial dispute
(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in Rule 15, every pleading in a commercial dispute shall be verified by an affidavit in the manner and form prescribed in the Appendix to this Schedule.
(2) An affidavit under sub-rule (1) above shall be signed by the party or by one of the parties to the proceedings, or by any other person on behalf of such party or parties who is proved to the satisfaction of the Court to be acquainted with the facts of the case and who is duly authorised by such party or parties.
(3) Where a pleading is amended, the amendments must be verified in the form and manner referred to in sub-rule (1) unless the Court orders otherwise.
(4) Where a pleading is not verified in the manner provided under sub-rule (1), the party shall not be permitted to rely on such pleading as evidence or any of the matters set out therein.
(5) The Court may strike out a pleading which is not verified by a Statement of Truth, namely, the affidavit set out in the Appendix to this Schedule.
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* Shall be applicable to commercial disputes of a specified value by Act 4 of 2016, s. 16 and the Sch. (w.e.f. 23-10-2015).
Rule 16 Order VI of Code of Civil Procedure 1908 "Striking out pleadings"
The Court may at any stage of the proceedings order to be
struck out or amended any matter in any pleading-
(a) which may be unnecessary, scandalous, frivolous or
vexatious, or
(b) which may tend to prejudice, embarrass or delay the fair
trail of the suit, or
(c) which is otherwise an abuse of the process of the Court.
Rule 17 Order VI of Code of Civil Procedure 1908 "Amendment of pleadings"
The Court may at any stage of the proceedings allow either party to alter or amend his pleadings in such manner and on such terms as may be just, and all such amendments shall be made as may be necessary for the purpose of determining the real questions in controversy between the parties.
Rule 18 Order VI of Code of Civil Procedure 1908 "Failure to amend after order"
If a party who has obtained an order for leave to amend does not amend accordingly within the time limited for that purpose by the order, or if no time is thereby limited then within fourteen days from the date of the order, he shall not be permitted to amend after the expiration of such limited time as aforesaid or of such fourteen days, as the case may be, unless the time is extended by the Court.