Articles 282 to 323 of the Constitution of India

Articles 282 to 323 span several important constitutional subjects: miscellaneous financial provisions, government property and contracts, freedom of trade and commerce, services under the Union and the States, and Public Service Commissions.

Articles 282 to 293: Finance, taxation and borrowing

These provisions form part of the Constitution's financial framework. They deal with public-purpose grants, custody of public funds, certain constitutional tax immunities and the borrowing powers of the Union and States.

Articles 294 to 300: Property, contracts and legal proceedings

This group regulates constitutional succession to property and liabilities, escheat and bona vacantia, offshore resources, governmental trade, government contracts, and suits or proceedings by or against the Union and States.

Articles 301 to 307: Trade, commerce and intercourse

Part XIII establishes the constitutional framework for trade, commerce and intercourse within India, while allowing specified parliamentary and State restrictions subject to constitutional conditions.

Articles 308 to 314: Services under the Union and the States

These provisions govern public services, recruitment and service conditions, tenure under the pleasure doctrine, safeguards relating to dismissal or reduction in rank, All-India Services and transitional service matters.

Articles 315 to 323: Public Service Commissions

These provisions establish the Union and State Public Service Commissions and address appointment and tenure, removal and suspension, service conditions, post-tenure restrictions, functions, expenses and reports.

Official text and legal research

Constitutional provisions should be read with their amendments, provisos, explanations and official footnotes. Use the Legislative Department, Ministry of Law and Justice and India Code for official legal material. This page is an informational index and does not substitute for the authoritative text or professional legal advice.