Motor Accident Compensation Claim Petition before MACT

A person injured in a motor accident, the owner of damaged property, or the legal representatives of a person who dies in the accident may claim compensation before the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal where the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 permits the claim. The principal fault-based claim provision is Section 166, while present no-fault compensation for death or grievous hurt is governed by Section 164.

Important legal update: Older claim formats often refer to Section 140 for no-fault or interim compensation. Following the Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019 framework brought into force from 1 April 2022, the present statutory scheme places fixed no-fault compensation for death or grievous hurt in Section 164, with related interim-relief and fund provisions in Sections 164A to 164C. A current claim petition should therefore not mechanically reproduce the old Section 140 heading.

Sections 164, 165 and 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act

Section 164 - No-fault compensation In case of death or grievous hurt arising out of the use of a motor vehicle, the owner or authorised insurer is liable for fixed compensation. The claimant is not required to plead or prove wrongful act, neglect or default for a claim under this provision.
Section 165 - Claims Tribunals Section 165 authorises State Governments to constitute Motor Accident Claims Tribunals for adjudicating claims for compensation arising from motor vehicle accidents of the nature specified in that section.
Section 166 - Application for compensation Section 166 identifies the persons who may apply for compensation and governs the place and manner of filing. A claim under Section 166 is ordinarily a fault-based claim in which negligence must be established where liability depends upon negligence.
Section 168 - Award of Tribunal After inquiry, the Tribunal determines the amount of compensation that appears just and specifies the person or persons to whom compensation is to be paid.

Compensation under Section 164

Section 164 presently provides a fixed sum of Rs. 5,00,000 in case of death and Rs. 2,50,000 in case of grievous hurt. For a Section 164 claim, negligence need not be pleaded or established. Compensation paid under another law in respect of the same death or grievous hurt is subject to the statutory adjustment provided by Section 164(3).

Section 164 and Section 166 are legally different routes: Section 164 provides fixed no-fault compensation. Section 166 permits adjudication of just compensation based on the facts of the accident, liability, injury or death and the proved heads of loss. The appropriate route and relief should be selected on the facts and applicable law rather than combining outdated provisions mechanically.

Who may file a claim under Section 166?

An application may be made by the person who sustained injury, by the owner of damaged property, by all or any of the legal representatives where death resulted from the accident, or by a duly authorised agent of the injured person or legal representatives. If all legal representatives do not join a death claim as claimants, the claim should ordinarily be made for the benefit of all and the non-joining legal representatives should be impleaded as respondents as required by Section 166.

Where can a MACT claim be filed?

Subject to the current text of Section 166 and the applicable State rules, a claimant may file before the Claims Tribunal having jurisdiction over the place where the accident occurred, the place where the claimant resides or carries on business, or the place where the defendant resides. The petition should plead the facts establishing territorial jurisdiction.

Time limit under Section 166(3)

For the statutory scheme in force from 1 April 2022, Section 166(3) provides that an application for compensation shall not be entertained unless made within six months of the occurrence of the accident. The reintroduced limitation provision has been the subject of judicial consideration, so the date of accident and the law applicable on that date should be checked carefully before filing.

Do not rely on older webpages stating that there is no limitation period. The earlier sub-section (3) had been omitted in 1994, but a six-month limitation provision was reintroduced through the 2019 amendment with effect from 1 April 2022. Where limitation is in issue, current binding precedent in the relevant jurisdiction should be checked immediately.

Documents normally filed with a MACT claim

The exact filing set varies by State MACT rules, local practice and whether the police accident report has already generated the claim process. Depending on the case, relevant documents may include:

  • Memo of parties and claim petition.
  • FIR, accident information report / detailed accident report, site plan, charge-sheet or final report where available.
  • Identity and address proof of claimant or legal representatives.
  • Death certificate and legal-heir / relationship documents in fatal cases.
  • MLC, discharge summary, treatment records, disability certificate and medical bills in injury cases.
  • Proof of age, occupation and income, including salary records, ITRs, bank statements or employer documents where relevant.
  • Registration certificate, driving licence and insurance policy details of the offending vehicle where available.
  • Proof of expenditure on treatment, attendant, conveyance and special diet.
  • Affidavit / verification as required by local rules.
  • Vakalatnama where the claimant is represented by an advocate.

Common heads of compensation under Section 166

Depending on whether the claim concerns death or injury and on the evidence produced, the Tribunal may consider heads such as loss of dependency, loss of income, future loss of earning capacity, medical expenses, future treatment, attendant charges, conveyance, special diet, pain and suffering, loss of amenities, disability-related loss, funeral expenses, loss of estate and other legally recognised conventional heads. The amount claimed should be supported by facts and documents wherever possible.

Updated MACT Claim Petition Format

The following specimen preserves the useful structure of the earlier form while updating the statutory references. It should be adapted to the particular State's MACT rules and to whether the claim is under Section 166, Section 164, or both forms of relief are being pursued in a legally permissible manner.

BEFORE THE MOTOR ACCIDENT CLAIMS TRIBUNAL AT ____________________

CLAIM PETITION NO. ______ OF 20__

IN THE MATTER OF:

Mr. / Ms. ________________________________
S/o / D/o / W/o ____________________________
Resident of ________________________________
CLAIMANT

VERSUS

1. Mr. / Ms. ________________________________
Address: ___________________________________
RESPONDENT NO. 1 - DRIVER

2. Mr. / Ms. / M/s _________________________
Address: ___________________________________
RESPONDENT NO. 2 - OWNER

3. __________________ Insurance Company Ltd.
Address: ___________________________________
RESPONDENT NO. 3 - INSURER

Police Station: ____________________

APPLICATION FOR COMPENSATION UNDER SECTION 166 OF THE MOTOR VEHICLES ACT, 1988 AND, WHERE APPLICABLE, RELIEF UNDER SECTION 164

Particulars of Claim

No.ParticularDetails
1Name, parentage and full address of injured / deceased____________________________
2Age and date of birth____________________________
3Occupation and employer____________________________
4Monthly / annual income and supporting proof____________________________
5Date, time and place of accident____________________________
6Brief facts and manner of accident____________________________
7Police Station, FIR / DAR particulars____________________________
8Registration number and type of offending vehicle____________________________
9Name and address of driver____________________________
10Name and address of registered owner____________________________
11Name of insurer and policy particulars____________________________
12Nature of injuries / grievous hurt / disability____________________________
13Hospital, doctor and period of treatment____________________________
14Medical and treatment expenditureRs. ________________________
15Loss of income during treatmentRs. ________________________
16Permanent disability and effect on earning capacity, if any____________________________
17Conveyance, attendant and special-diet expensesRs. ________________________
18In death claim, names and relationship of legal representatives / dependants____________________________
19Any compensation already received under another law / scheme____________________________
20Total compensation claimed and basisRs. ________________________
21Facts establishing territorial jurisdiction____________________________
22Any other material information____________________________

Facts of the Accident

1. That on ____________________ at about ________ AM / PM, the injured / deceased was ________________________________________________.

2. That the offending vehicle bearing registration No. ____________________, driven by Respondent No. 1 and owned by Respondent No. 2, was being driven in the following negligent / wrongful manner: ________________________________________________.

3. That due to the accident, the injured sustained the following injuries / the deceased suffered fatal injuries: ________________________________________________.

4. That FIR No. ______ dated __________ under the applicable penal provisions was registered at Police Station ____________________. The police papers / accident report are annexed where available.

5. That at the time of the accident the offending vehicle was insured with Respondent No. 3 under Policy No. ____________________, valid from __________ to __________, to the extent shown by the available policy record.

Grounds for Compensation

6. That the claimant is entitled to just compensation under Section 166 read with the other applicable provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 on account of the death / bodily injury and consequential losses arising from the motor accident.

7. That the claimant has suffered pecuniary and non-pecuniary losses including ________________________________________________, for which compensation is claimed on the basis of the documents filed with this petition.

8. That, where Section 164 is invoked and legally applicable, the claimant seeks the fixed statutory no-fault compensation for death / grievous hurt without being required to plead or prove negligence for that statutory relief.

Jurisdiction

9. That this Hon'ble Tribunal has jurisdiction because ________________________________________________ [the accident occurred within its jurisdiction / the claimant resides or carries on business within its jurisdiction / the defendant resides within its jurisdiction].

Limitation

10. That the accident occurred on ____________________ and the present claim is filed within the period applicable under Section 166(3) of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988. If any issue concerning limitation arises, the claimant relies upon the facts and law specifically stated in the accompanying application / pleadings.

Prayer

It is therefore respectfully prayed that this Hon'ble Tribunal may be pleased to:

(a) award just and reasonable compensation of Rs. ____________________ or such higher amount as may be determined in accordance with law;

(b) where applicable, grant compensation / relief permissible under Section 164 and the related statutory scheme;

(c) award interest under Section 171 or such interest as this Hon'ble Tribunal considers lawful and appropriate;

(d) direct the liable respondent or respondents to deposit and pay the awarded amount within the period fixed by this Hon'ble Tribunal; and

(e) pass any other order or relief considered just and proper in the facts and circumstances of the case.

Place: ____________________
Date: _____________________

CLAIMANT

Through Counsel, if represented
____________________, Advocate

Verification

I, ____________________, the claimant above named, verify that the factual statements made in paragraphs ______ to ______ are true to my knowledge and records, the legal submissions are based on advice received and believed to be correct, and no material fact has knowingly been concealed.

Verified at ____________________ on this ______ day of ____________________, 20__.

CLAIMANT

Supporting Affidavit Format

BEFORE THE MOTOR ACCIDENT CLAIMS TRIBUNAL AT ____________________

CLAIM PETITION NO. ______ OF 20__

____________________    Claimant

VERSUS

____________________ & ORS.    Respondents

AFFIDAVIT

I, ____________________, aged about ______ years, S/o / D/o / W/o ____________________, resident of ________________________________________________, do hereby solemnly affirm and state:

1. That I am the claimant / authorised legal representative in the accompanying claim petition and am competent to swear this affidavit.

2. That the accompanying claim petition has been prepared under my instructions. The facts stated therein are true and correct to my knowledge and records, and the legal submissions are based on advice received and believed to be correct.

3. That the documents filed with the petition are true copies of their respective originals to the extent stated in the list of documents.

4. That I have disclosed any earlier claim, compensation, settlement or payment relating to the same accident to the extent known to me.

5. That no material fact relevant to the present claim has knowingly been concealed.

DEPONENT

Verification

Verified at ____________________ on this ______ day of ____________________, 20__, that the contents of this affidavit are true and correct to my knowledge and belief and nothing material has knowingly been concealed.

DEPONENT

Suggested List of Documents

S. No.ParticularsPage No.
1Copy of FIR / accident information report / DAR, as available
2Medical records / MLC / discharge summary
3Medical bills and treatment-expense statement
4Disability certificate, where applicable
5Identity and address proof of claimant
6Income proof / salary records / ITRs, where relevant
7Death certificate and relationship / legal-heir documents in fatal cases
8RC, driving licence and insurance details, where available
9Proof of other claimed expenditure
10Vakalatnama / authority document, where applicable

Download the existing MS Word motor accident claim format

The linked legacy Word file may contain older statutory references. It should be reviewed and updated before use. State MACT rules, court forms, local filing requirements and the accident date can materially affect the correct pleading.