Article 371D and Article 371E of the Constitution of India
Special provisions for Andhra Pradesh and Telangana relating to public employment and education, and the constitutional provision for establishment of a Central University in Andhra Pradesh.
Updated: 19 September 2026
What is Article 371D?
Article 371D is a special constitutional provision in Part XXI of the Constitution. Its central purpose is to enable arrangements for equitable opportunities and facilities for people belonging to different parts of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana in matters of public employment and education.
The provision authorises Presidential Orders dealing with matters such as local cadres, local areas, direct recruitment, admission to educational institutions and permissible preference or reservation based on residence or study in a specified local area. Article 371D has overriding effect under clause (10), subject to the terms of the Article and orders validly made under it.
Article 371D - Special provisions with respect to Andhra Pradesh or Telangana
Clause (1). The President may, by order made with respect to the State of Andhra Pradesh or the State of Telangana, provide, having regard to the requirement of each State, for equitable opportunities and facilities for the people belonging to different parts of such State in the matter of public employment and education. Different provisions may be made for various parts of the States.
Clause (2) - Local cadres, local areas and preference or reservation
An order under clause (1) may require the State Government to organise classes of posts in the State civil services or civil posts under the State into different local cadres for different parts of the State and to allot persons holding those posts to the local cadres according to the principles and procedure specified in the order.
The order may specify the part or parts of the State regarded as a local area for direct recruitment to posts in a local cadre under the State Government, recruitment to posts under a local authority, and admission to a University or other educational institution controlled by the State Government.
It may also specify the extent, manner and conditions under which preference or reservation may be given in direct recruitment or admission in favour of candidates who have resided or studied for the specified period in the relevant local area.
Clauses (3) to (8) - Administrative Tribunal provisions
Clause (3) authorises the President, by order, to provide for constitution of an Administrative Tribunal for the State of Andhra Pradesh and for the State of Telangana with specified jurisdiction, powers and authority concerning appointment, allotment or promotion, seniority and other specified conditions of service.
Clause (4) permits the Presidential Order to regulate representations, powers, procedure, transfer of proceedings and supplemental or consequential matters. Clauses (5) to (7) contain provisions concerning effectiveness of Tribunal orders, special orders of the State Government and jurisdiction. Clause (8) permits the President to abolish the Tribunal if its continued existence is considered unnecessary and to provide for transfer and disposal of pending cases.
Clause (9) - Protection of specified past appointments and actions
Clause (9) protects specified appointments, postings, promotions, transfers and related actions from being treated as illegal or void merely because they did not comply with then-existing residence requirements in the former State of Hyderabad or in any part of Andhra Pradesh, subject to the dates and conditions stated in the clause.
Clause (10) - Overriding effect
Clause (10) provides that Article 371D and an order made by the President under it have effect notwithstanding anything in any other provision of the Constitution or in any other law for the time being in force.
Article 371E - Establishment of Central University in Andhra Pradesh
Article 371E: Parliament may by law provide for the establishment of a University in the State of Andhra Pradesh.
Article 371E is an enabling constitutional provision. Unlike Article 371D, it does not itself create a university; it authorises Parliament to establish one by legislation.
Constitutional and statutory background
Articles 371D and 371E were inserted by the Constitution (Thirty-second Amendment) Act, 1973 and came into force on 1 July 1974. Following the creation of Telangana, section 97 of the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 amended Article 371D from the appointed day, 2 June 2014, so that the Article expressly addresses Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
This 2014 amendment is important when reading older reproductions of Article 371D. A version referring only to the State of Andhra Pradesh in the heading and clause (1) does not reflect the current constitutional text.
Official legal resources
For authoritative verification, readers may consult the current Constitution published by the Legislative Department and the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 on India Code.
Constitution of India - Legislative Department
India Code - Central legislation database
Related constitutional provisions
Article 371 - Special provisions for Maharashtra and Gujarat
Article 371A - Special provision for Nagaland
Articles 371B and 371C - Assam and Manipur
Article 371F - Special provisions for Sikkim
Articles 371G, 371H and 371I - Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh and Goa
Articles 372 and 372A - Continuance and adaptation of existing laws